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Educational draft · awaiting clinical reviewUse Rapid for revision, not patient-care decisions. Check current national and local guidance and the BNF or BNFC before acting.
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Diverticular fistula and stricture

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Urosepsis, complete obstruction or perforation

Hypotension with urinary infection, inability to pass stool or flatus with progressive distension, or diffuse peritonism converts a chronic fistula or stricture into an emergency.

Action: Begin ABCDE resuscitation, give intravenous antibiotics for sepsis, decompress and image obstruction when safe, and obtain urgent colorectal, urological and anaesthetic review for drainage, urinary decompression or operative source control.

Synopsis

Recognise chronic fistulation or fibrotic narrowing after diverticulitis, define involved organs and exclude cancer, then plan elective en-bloc sigmoid resection when continuing symptoms justify surgery.

  • Pneumaturia, faecaluria and recurrent mixed enteric urinary infection strongly suggest a colovesical fistula when recent bladder instrumentation is absent.
  • Passage of gas or faeces through the vagina, often after hysterectomy, can reveal a colovaginal communication.
  • Progressive colic, bloating, reduced stool calibre and constipation suggest a fixed stricture, but cancer must be excluded.

Key red flags

Pneumaturia or faecaluria with fever, hypotension or flank pain indicates enterovesical contamination complicated by urinary sepsis.

Absolute constipation, vomiting and increasing distension suggest complete obstruction at a diverticular or malignant stricture.

Generalised guarding or free intraperitoneal gas indicates perforation and requires emergency rather than interval operative planning.

Investigation priorities

01
Contrast CT abdomen pelvisFirst step

map fistula, inflammation and obstruction.

Management branches

Worked case: colovesical fistula after diverticulitisConfirm anatomy, exclude cancer and verify repair

A 69-year-old has pneumaturia, recurrent cultures growing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella, and CT showing thickened sigmoid adherent to a gas-containing bladder. There has been no catheterisation and renal function is stable.

  1. Treat the current urinary infection according to culture and check for fever, hypotension, hydronephrosis or abscess that would require urgent drainage or decompression.
  2. Review CT with colorectal and urology teams to map the sigmoid-bladder interface, ureteric proximity and absence of a drainable collection.
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Sources and review status3 sources · checked 8 Sept 2026 · clinical review pending
Sources

Sources and review status

National guidance is shown before implementation-dependent detail. Apply principles in context and verify current guidance when a decision affects care. Source check completed 8 Sept 2026; clinical approval remains outstanding.

Authoring stateRapid draftClinical stateAwaiting reviewJurisdictionUnited Kingdom