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Vestibular schwannoma

Essential points for quick revision.

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Neurological deterioration requires urgent assessment

A large cerebellopontine-angle lesion can compress the brainstem or disrupt cerebrospinal fluid circulation, while sudden hearing loss may require time-sensitive treatment regardless of the underlying lesion.

Action: Arrange emergency assessment for worsening consciousness, severe headache with vomiting or new focal neurological deficits; use the twenty-four-hour referral pathway for recent unexplained sudden hearing loss.

Synopsis

Recognise symptoms that justify internal auditory meatus imaging and explain how tumour behaviour, hearing, neurological function and patient preferences guide specialist management.

  • Vestibular schwannoma is usually a benign tumour arising from vestibular nerve Schwann cells.
  • Asymmetric sensorineural hearing loss, unilateral tinnitus and imbalance are important presentations.
  • MRI of the internal auditory meati assesses the nerve and cerebellopontine angle.

Key red flags

Progressive headache, repeated vomiting, marked gait deterioration or new cranial nerve deficits in a person with a known lesion requires urgent specialist assessment.

Investigation priorities

01
MRI of the internal auditory meatiFirst step

Identify a vestibular schwannoma or another cerebellopontine-angle lesion.

Management branches

SuspectedInvestigate asymmetric auditory symptoms

Unilateral hearing loss, persistent tinnitus or localising signs suggest retrocochlear disease.

  1. Perform otoscopy and audiological assessment while applying the immediate referral rules for recent sudden loss or associated facial symptoms.
  2. Request or arrange MRI through the relevant ENT or audiovestibular pathway using the clinical and audiometric criteria.
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Sources and review status4 sources · checked 7 Sept 2026 · clinical review pending
Sources

Sources and review status

National guidance is shown before implementation-dependent detail. Typical adult dose examples remain subject to patient factors, contraindications and the live BNF or specialist protocol. Source check completed 7 Sept 2026; clinical approval remains outstanding.

Authoring stateRapid draftClinical stateAwaiting reviewJurisdictionUnited Kingdom